James Nazroo
Professor of Sociology
Tel: 0161 275 2495
james.nazroo@manchester.ac.uk
Room G.25
CCSR
School of Social Sciences
Humanities Bridgeford Street
University of Manchester
MANCHESTER
M13 9PL
Professional biography
I joined Sociology at the University of Manchester in October 2006. My interest in Sociology began while I was studying Medicine at St. George's Hospital Medical School in the early 1980s, when I became aware of a range of sociological inquiries into health and the health professions that problematised much that we take for granted – for example, work on the sick role, inequalities in health, occupational closure and professionalisation, and deviance, stigma and institutions. At that time the London Medical Schools offered an intercalated BSc in Medical Sociology, which I took and which hooked me on Sociology. After completing my medical training, I began my post-graduate training in Sociology, first studying on the Royal Holloway and Bedford New College MSc in Sociology of Health and Illness (while working part-time as a hospital doctor) and then a PhD in Sociology at UCL (while working as a researcher/lecturer).
Before coming to Manchester, I was a Research Fellow in the Department of Social Policy and Social Sciences at Royal Holloway – where I worked primarily on gender inequalities in mental health, and also on marital violence – a Research Fellow/Senior Research Fellow at the Policy Studies Institute – where I worked primarily on ethnic inequalities in health – and more recently a Senior Lecturer, Reader and then Professor of Medical Sociology in the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health at UCL – where I was head of the Health and Social Surveys Research Group and continued my research on ethnic inequalities in health, alongside a growing body of research on ageing. I continue to hold an honorary position at UCL.
Specific research interests
Issues of inequality, social justice and underlying processes of stratification have been the primary focus of my research activities, which have centered on gender, ethnicity, ageing, and the intersections between these. My work on ethnic inequalities in health began with describing differences in health across and within broad ethnic groupings and assessing the contribution that social disadvantage might make to these differences. Central to this has been developing an understanding of the links between ethnicity, racism, class and inequality. This work draws on critical theory and critical realism, with an increasing focus on comparative analysis (across groups, time and place) to try and tap underlying processes. My research on ethnic inequalities in health covers a variety of dimensions, including general health, mental health, cardiovascular disease and sexual health, although my general approach is to use health as an outcome that marks social inequalities and allows us to investigate underlying processes. This work has been funded by the ESRC, MRC, the Department of Health, and the NHS Executive, among others, and involves collaborations with colleagues in the US, Canada, Europe and New Zealand – as well as the UK.
The second theme in my current work is social and health inequalities in aging populations, with a particular interest in the 'transmission' of inequalities across the lifecourse, patterns of 'retirement', and formal and informal social and civic participation. Here I have conducted studies on quality of life for older people among different ethnic goups in the UK (funded by the ESRC), on inequalities in health at older ages (also funded by the ESRC), and on routes into retirement and the impact of retirement on health and well-being (funded by the Nuffield Foundation). I am co-PI of the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (www.ifs.org.uk/elsa ), a multi-disciplinary panel study of those aged 50 and over covering economic position, health and social participation (funded by the US National Institutes of Health and a consortium of UK Government Departments). My work on this involves collaborations with colleagues in the US, Europe and Australia.
Current research projects
My currently (2009-10) funded projects include:
- Realities (REAL LIfe methods for reseaching relationaliTIES), Economic and Social Research Council (National Centre for Research Methods Node) (co-PI, with Mason (PI), Smart, Heaphy, and May) - http://www.socialsciences.manchester.ac.uk/realities/
- English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, National Institutes of Health and UK Government consortium (co-PI, with Marmot (PI), Banks, Blundell, Erens, Huppert, Lessof and Steel) – http://www.ifs.org.uk/elsa
- Ethnicity, deprivation and take-up of breast cancer screening services, The Genesis Appeal, February 2010 (with Jain)
- Promoting methodological innovation and capacity building in research on ethnicity, Economic and Social Research Council NCRM, Networks for Methodological Innovation (co-PI, with Dale (PI), Platt, Salway)
- Socio-economic determinants and health inequalities over the life course: Australian and English comparisons, Australian Research Council (co-I with Kendig (PI) and Byles)
- Evaluating the impact of New Deal for Communities on Health Inequaliteis: Phase 2, Department of Health Policy Research Programme, (co-PI with Popay (PI), Whitehead, Stafford and Dibben)
- Epidemiology of cognitive dynamics in older adults, Canadian Institutes of Health Research (co-I with Rockwood (PI), Andrew, Fisk and Mitnitski)
- Disparities in children’s health and development: the importance of race/ethnicity in the UK and UK, Economic and Social Research Council/National Institutes of Health (co-PI with Kelly (PI) and Sacker; and Davis-Kean (PI), Jackson and Simoton)
Selected (recent) publications
Books
- Nazroo, J.Y. (ed.) (2006) Health and Social Research in Multicultural Societies, Abingdon: Routledge ISBN 0 415 30366 3/0 415 30365 5
- Nazroo, J.Y. (2001) Ethnicity, class and health, London: Policy Studies Institute ISBN 0 85374 792 X
Journal articles
- McMunn A., Nazroo J., Wahrendorf M., Breeze E. and Zaninotto P. (in press) ‘Participation in socially productive activities, reciprocity and wellbeing in later life: Baseline results in England’, Ageing and Society
- Nazroo, J., Falaschetti, E., Pierce, M. and Primatesta, P. (2009) ‘Ethnic inequalities in access to and outcomes of healthcare: Analysis of the Health Survey for England’ Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 63, 12, 1022-1027, doi:10.1136/jech.2009.089409
- Bécares, L., Nazroo, J. and Stafford, M. (2009) ‘The buffering effect of ethnic density on experienced racism and health’, Health and Place, 15, 670-678, doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2008.10.008
- Kelly, Y., Panico, L., Bartley, M., Marmot, M., Nazroo, J. and Sacker. A. (2009) ‘Why does birthweight vary among ethnic groups in the UK? Findings from the Millennium Cohort Study’, Journal of Public Health, 31, 1, 131-137, doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdn057
- McMunn, A., Nazroo, J. and Breeze, E. (2009) ‘Inequalities in health at older ages: a longitudinal investigation of onset of illness and survival effects in England’, Age and Ageing, 38, 181 – 187, doi: 10.1093/ageing/afn236
- Smith, N.R., Kelly, Y.J. and Nazroo, J.Y. (2009) ‘Intergenerational continuities of ethnic inequalities in general health in England’, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 63, 253-258, doi:10.1136/jech.2008.077495
- Stafford, M., Bécares, L. and Nazroo (2009) ‘Objective and perceived ethnic density and health: findings from a UK general population survey’, American Journal of Epidemiology, 170, 4, 484-493
- Demakakos, P., Nazroo, J., Breeze, E. and Marmot, M. (2008) ‘Socioeconomic status and health: the role of subjective social status’, Social Science and Medicine, 67, 2, 330-340, doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.03.038
- Stafford, M., Nazroo, J., Popay, J. and Whitehead, M. (2008) ‘Tackling inequalities in health: evaluating the New Deal for Communities initiative’, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 62, 298-304, doi: 10.1136/jech.2006.058628
- Nazroo, J., Jackson, J., Karlsen, S. and Torres, M. (2007) ‘The black diaspora and health inequalities in the US and England: does where you go and how you get there make a difference?’, Sociology of Health and Illness, 26, 6, 811-830, doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9566.2007.01043.x
- Harris, R., Tobias, M., Jeffreys, M., Waldegrave, K., Karlsen, S. and Nazroo, J. (2006) ‘Māori health and inequalities in New Zealand: The impact of racism and deprivation’, The Lancet, 367, 2005-2009
- Karlsen, S., Nazroo, J.Y., McKenzie, K., Bhui, K. and Weich, S. (2005) ‘Racism, psychosis and common mental disorder among ethnic minority groups in England’, Psychological Medicine, 35, 12, 1795-1803
- Grewal, I., Nazroo, J., Bajekal, M., Blane, D. and Lewis, J. (2004) ‘Influences on quality of life: A qualitative investigation of ethnic differences among older people in England’, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 30, 4, 737-761
- Nazroo, J. (2003) ‘The structuring of ethnic inequalities in health: economic position, racial discrimination and racism’, American Journal of Public Health, 93, 2, 277-284
- Higgs, P., Mein, G., Ferrie, J., Hyde, M., Nazroo, J. (2003) ‘Pathways to early retirement: Agency and structure in the British Civil Service’, Ageing and Society, 23, 761-778
